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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0,viewport-fit=cover"><title>FreeMarker模板引擎 | The Blog</title><meta name="author" content="Jason"><meta name="copyright" content="Jason"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><meta name="description" content="一.FreeMarker介绍 FreeMarker 是一款 模板引擎: 即一种基于模板和要改变的数据, 并用来生成输出文本(HTML网页电子邮件配置文件源代码等)的通用工具。 它不是面向最终用户的而是一个Java类库是一款程序员可以嵌入他们所开发产品的组件。 模板编写为FreeMarker Template Language (FTL)。它是简单的,专用的语言, 不是 像PHP">
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<meta property="og:description" content="一.FreeMarker介绍 FreeMarker 是一款 模板引擎: 即一种基于模板和要改变的数据, 并用来生成输出文本(HTML网页电子邮件配置文件源代码等)的通用工具。 它不是面向最终用户的而是一个Java类库是一款程序员可以嵌入他们所开发产品的组件。 模板编写为FreeMarker Template Language (FTL)。它是简单的,专用的语言, 不是 像PHP">
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<p> 模板编写为FreeMarker Template Language (FTL)。它是简单的,专用的语言, <em>不是</em> 像PHP那样成熟的编程语言。 那就意味着要准备数据在真实编程语言中来显示,比如数据库查询和业务运算, 之后模板显示已经准备好的数据。在模板中,你可以专注于如何展现数据, 而在模板之外可以专注于要展示什么数据。</p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816145012534.png" alt="image-20230816145012534"></p>
<p><strong>技术选型对比</strong></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><strong>技术</strong></th>
<th><strong>说明</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>Jsp</td>
<td>Jsp 为 Servlet 专用,不能单独进行使用</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Velocity</td>
<td>Velocity从2010年更新完 2.0 版本后7年没有更新。Spring Boot 官方在 1.4 版本后对此也不在支持</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>thmeleaf</td>
<td>新技术,功能较为强大,但是执行的效率比较低</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>freemarker</td>
<td>性能好,强大的模板语言、轻量</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h1 id="二-快速入门"><a href="#二-快速入门" class="headerlink" title="二.快速入门"></a>二.快速入门</h1><h2 id="1-环境搭建"><a href="#1-环境搭建" class="headerlink" title="1.环境搭建"></a>1.环境搭建</h2><h3 id="1-1-创建一个demo工程"><a href="#1-1-创建一个demo工程" class="headerlink" title="1.1 创建一个demo工程"></a>1.1 创建一个demo工程</h3><p>此处为了方便建的是子模块,测试使用可以创建一个单独的工程</p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816145923876.png" alt="image-20230816145923876"></p>
<h3 id="1-2-引入依赖"><a href="#1-2-引入依赖" class="headerlink" title="1.2 引入依赖"></a>1.2 引入依赖</h3><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependencies</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-web<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-freemarker<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-test<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">&lt;!-- lombok --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.projectlombok<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>lombok<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">&lt;!-- apache 对 java io 的封装工具库 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.apache.commons<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</sp
<h3 id="1-3-添加配置"><a href="#1-3-添加配置" class="headerlink" title="1.3 添加配置"></a>1.3 添加配置</h3><figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">server:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">port:</span> <span class="number">8881</span> <span class="comment">#服务端口</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">spring:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">application:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">freemarker-demo</span> <span class="comment">#指定服务名</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">freemarker:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">cache:</span> <span class="literal">false</span> <span class="comment">#关闭模板缓存,方便测试</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">settings:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template_update_delay:</span> <span class="number">0</span> <span class="comment">#检查模板更新延迟时间设置为0表示立即检查如果时间大于0会有缓存不方便进行模板测试</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">suffix:</span> <span class="string">.ftl</span> <span class="comment">#指定Freemarker模板文件的后缀名,通常都是以ftl作为扩展名,也可以为html、xml、jsp等!</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="1-4-创建模板"><a href="#1-4-创建模板" class="headerlink" title="1.4 创建模板"></a>1.4 创建模板</h3><p>在resources下创建<strong>templates</strong>此目录为freemarker的默认模板存放目录</p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816150936881.png" alt="image-20230816150936881"></p>
<p>在templates下创建模板文件 01-basic.ftl ,模板中的<strong>插值表达式</strong>最终会被freemarker替换成具体的数据</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>普通文本 String 展示:<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">Hello $&#123;name&#125; <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">hr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>对象Student中的数据展示<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">姓名:$&#123;stu.name&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">年龄:$&#123;stu.age&#125;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">hr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h3 id="1-5-创建启动类和模型类"><a href="#1-5-创建启动类和模型类" class="headerlink" title="1.5 创建启动类和模型类"></a>1.5 创建启动类和模型类</h3><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> com.heima.freemarker;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span> Jason Gong</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@version</span> 1.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@website</span> https://qingling.icu</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Date</span> 2023/8/16</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@SpringBootApplication</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">FreeMarkerDemoApplication</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> SpringApplication.run(FreeMarkerDemoApplication.class,args);</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> com.heima.freemarker.entity;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> lombok.Data;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.Date;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span> Jason Gong</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@version</span> 1.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@website</span> https://qingling.icu</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Date</span> 2023/8/16</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Data</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> String name;<span class="comment">//姓名</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="type">int</span> age;<span class="comment">//年龄</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> Date birthday;<span class="comment">//生日</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> Float money;<span class="comment">//钱包</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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2024-05-10 13:32:25 +08:00
<h3 id="1-6-创建Controller"><a href="#1-6-创建Controller" class="headerlink" title="1.6 创建Controller"></a>1.6 创建Controller</h3><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> com.heima.freemarker.controller;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.heima.freemarker.entity.Student;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.ui.Model;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span> Jason Gong</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@version</span> 1.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@website</span> https://qingling.icu</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Date</span> 2023/8/16</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Controller</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">HelloController</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@GetMapping(&quot;/basic&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">test</span><span class="params">(Model model)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//1.纯文本形式的参数</span></span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;name&quot;</span>, <span class="string">&quot;freemarker&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//2.实体类相关的参数</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Student</span> <span class="variable">student</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> student.setName(<span class="string">&quot;小明&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> student.setAge(<span class="number">18</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;stu&quot;</span>, student);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">&quot;01-basic&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><
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<h3 id="1-7-测试访问"><a href="#1-7-测试访问" class="headerlink" title="1.7 测试访问"></a>1.7 测试访问</h3><p>访问 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://localhost:8881/basic">http://localhost:8881/basic</a></p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816152750639.png" alt="image-20230816152750639"></p>
<h1 id="三-FreeMarker语法基础"><a href="#三-FreeMarker语法基础" class="headerlink" title="三.FreeMarker语法基础"></a>三.FreeMarker语法基础</h1><h2 id="1-基础语法种类"><a href="#1-基础语法种类" class="headerlink" title="1.基础语法种类"></a>1.基础语法种类</h2><p> 1、注释&lt;# &gt;介于其之间的内容会被freemarker忽略</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;#--我是一个freemarker注释--&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 2、插值Interpolation<strong><code>$&#123;..&#125;</code></strong> 部分,freemarker会用真实的值代替**<code>$&#123;..&#125;</code>**</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Hello $&#123;name&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 3、FTL指令和HTML标记类似名字前加#予以区分Freemarker会解析标签中的表达式或逻辑。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;# &gt;FTL指令&lt;/#&gt; </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> 4、文本仅文本信息这些不是freemarker的注释、插值、FTL指令的内容会被freemarker忽略解析直接输出内容。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;#--freemarker中的普通文本--&gt;</span><br><span class="line">我是一个普通的文本</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-集合指令"><a href="#2-集合指令" class="headerlink" title="2.集合指令"></a>2.集合指令</h2><p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816170028648.png" alt="image-20230816170028648"></p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816170704421.png" alt="image-20230816170704421"></p>
<p>1、数据模型</p>
<p>在HelloController中新增如下方法</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@GetMapping(&quot;/list&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">list</span><span class="params">(Model model)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//------------------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Student</span> <span class="variable">stu1</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setName(<span class="string">&quot;小强&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setAge(<span class="number">18</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setMoney(<span class="number">1000.86f</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setBirthday(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Date</span>());</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//小红对象模型数据</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Student</span> <span class="variable">stu2</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> stu2.setName(<span class="string">&quot;小红&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu2.setMoney(<span class="number">200.1f</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu2.setAge(<span class="number">19</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//将两个对象模型数据存放到List集合中</span></span><br><span class="line"> List&lt;Student&gt; stus = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ArrayList</span>&lt;&gt;();</span><br><span class="line"> stus.add(stu1);</span><br><span class="line"> stus.add(stu2);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//向model中存放List集合数据</span></span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;stus&quot;</span>,stus);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//------------------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//创建Map数据</span></span><br><span class="line"> HashMap&lt;String,Student&gt; stuMap = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">HashMap</span>&lt;&gt;();</span><br><span class="line"> stuMap.put(<span class="string">&quot;stu1&quot;</span>,stu1);</span><br><span class="line"> stuMap.put(<span class="string">&quot;stu2&quot;</span>,stu2);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 3.1 向model中存放Map数据</span></span><br><span class="
<p>2、模板</p>
<p>在templates中新增<code>02-list.ftl</code>文件</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">&lt;#-- list 数据的展示 --&gt;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>展示list中的stu数据:<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">table</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">tr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>序号<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>姓名<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>年龄<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>钱包<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">tr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">table</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">hr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span cla
<p>实例代码:</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">&lt;#-- list 数据的展示 --&gt;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>展示list中的stu数据:<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">table</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">tr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>序号<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span>姓名<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">td</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">td</span>&gt;
<p>上面代码解释:</p>
<p>${k_index}index得到循环的下标使用方法是在stu后边加”_index”它的值是从0开始${stu_index+1}下标从1开始</p>
<p>展示效果:</p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816170550343.png" alt="image-20230816170550343"></p>
<h2 id="3-if指令"><a href="#3-if指令" class="headerlink" title="3.if指令"></a>3.if指令</h2><p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816170909497.png" alt="image-20230816170909497"></p>
<p> if 指令即判断指令是常用的FTL指令freemarker在解析时遇到if会进行判断条件为真则输出if中间的内容否则跳过内容不再输出。</p>
<ul>
<li>指令格式</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;#if &gt;<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">if</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>1、数据模型</p>
<p>使用list指令中测试数据模型判断名称为小红的数据字体显示为红色。</p>
<p>2、模板</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;table&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;姓名&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;年龄&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;钱包&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#list stus as stu&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td &gt;$&#123;stu.name&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu.age&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td &gt;$&#123;stu.mondy&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/#list&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;/table&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>实例代码:</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;table&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;姓名&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;年龄&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;钱包&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#list stus as stu &gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#if stu.name=&#x27;小红&#x27;&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;tr style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu_index&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu.name&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu.age&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu.money&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#else &gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu_index&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu.name&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu.age&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;td&gt;$&#123;stu.money&#125;&lt;/td&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/tr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/#if&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/#list&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/table&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>3、输出</p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816171119081.png" alt="image-20230816171119081"></p>
<h2 id="4-运算符"><a href="#4-运算符" class="headerlink" title="4.运算符"></a>4.运算符</h2><p><strong>1、算数运算符</strong></p>
<p>FreeMarker表达式中完全支持算术运算,FreeMarker支持的算术运算符包括:</p>
<ul>
<li>加法: <code>+</code></li>
<li>减法: <code>-</code></li>
<li>乘法: <code>*</code></li>
<li>除法: <code>/</code></li>
<li>求模 (求余) <code>%</code></li>
</ul>
<p>模板代码</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>算数运算符<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> 100+5 运算: $&#123;100 + 5 &#125;<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> 100 - 5 * 5运算$&#123;100 - 5 * 5&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> 5 / 2运算$&#123;5 / 2&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> 12 % 10运算$&#123;12 % 10&#125;<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">hr</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>除了 + 运算以外,其他的运算只能和 number 数字类型的计算。</p>
<p><strong>2、比较运算符</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>=</code><strong>或者</strong><code>==</code></strong>:判断两个值是否相等. </li>
<li><strong><code>!=</code></strong>:判断两个值是否不等. </li>
<li><strong><code>&gt;</code><strong>或者</strong><code>gt</code></strong>:判断左边值是否大于右边值 </li>
<li><strong><code>&gt;=</code><strong>或者</strong><code>gte</code></strong>:判断左边值是否大于等于右边值 </li>
<li><strong><code>&lt;</code><strong>或者</strong><code>lt</code></strong>:判断左边值是否小于右边值 </li>
<li><strong><code>&lt;=</code><strong>或者</strong><code>lte</code></strong>:判断左边值是否小于等于右边值</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x3D;&#x3D;&#x3D; 模板代码</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>比较运算符<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dl</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dt</span>&gt;</span> =/== 和 != 比较:<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dt</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dd</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#if &quot;xiaoming&quot; == &quot;xiaoming&quot;&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> 字符串的比较 &quot;xiaoming&quot; == &quot;xiaoming&quot;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/#if&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dd</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dd</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#if 10 != 100&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> 数值的比较 10 != 100</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/#if&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dd</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dl</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><
<p>Controller 的 数据模型代码</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@GetMapping(&quot;operation&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">testOperation</span><span class="params">(Model model)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//构建 Date 数据</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Date</span> <span class="variable">now</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Date</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;date1&quot;</span>, now);</span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;date2&quot;</span>, now);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">&quot;03-operation&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>比较运算符注意</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>=</code><code>!=</code>可以用于字符串、数值和日期来比较是否相等</li>
<li><code>=</code><code>!=</code>两边必须是相同类型的值,否则会产生错误</li>
<li>字符串 <code>&quot;x&quot;</code><code>&quot;x &quot;</code><code>&quot;X&quot;</code>比较是不等的.因为FreeMarker是精确比较</li>
<li>其它的运行符可以作用于数字和日期,但不能作用于字符串</li>
<li>使用<code>gt</code>等字母运算符代替<code>&gt;</code>会有更好的效果,因为 FreeMarker会把<code>&gt;</code>解释成FTL标签的结束字符</li>
<li>可以使用括号来避免这种情况,如:<code>&lt;#if (x&gt;y)&gt;</code></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>3、逻辑运算符</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>逻辑与:&amp;&amp; </li>
<li>逻辑或:|| </li>
<li>逻辑非:!</li>
</ul>
<p>逻辑运算符只能作用于布尔值,否则将产生错误 。</p>
<p>模板代码</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>逻辑运算符<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#if (10 lt 12 )&amp;&amp;( 10 gt 5 ) &gt;</span><br><span class="line"> (10 lt 12 )&amp;&amp;( 10 gt 5 ) 显示为 true</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/#if&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>/&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#if !false&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> false 取反为true</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;/#if&gt;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">hr</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="5-空值处理"><a href="#5-空值处理" class="headerlink" title="5.空值处理"></a>5.空值处理</h2><p><strong>1、判断某变量是否存在使用 “??”</strong></p>
<p>用法为:variable??,如果该变量存在,返回true,否则返回false </p>
<p>为防止stus为空报错可以加上判断如下</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;#if stus??&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;#list stus as stu&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> ......</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/#list&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/#if&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>2、缺失变量默认值使用 “!”</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><p>使用!要以指定一个默认值,当变量为空时显示默认值</p>
<p>例: ${name!}表示如果name为空显示空字符串。</p>
</li>
<li><p>如果是嵌套对象则建议使用()括起来</p>
<p>例: ${(stu.bestFriend.name)!}表示如果stu或bestFriend或name为空默认显示空字符串。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="6-内建函数"><a href="#6-内建函数" class="headerlink" title="6.内建函数"></a>6.内建函数</h2><p>内建函数语法格式: <strong><code>变量+?+函数名称</code></strong> </p>
<p><strong>1、某个集合的大小</strong></p>
<p><strong><code>$&#123;集合名?size&#125;</code></strong></p>
<p><strong>2、日期格式化</strong></p>
<p>显示年月日: <code>$&#123;today?date&#125;</code> </p>
<p>显示时分秒:<code>$&#123;today?time&#125;</code> </p>
<p>显示日期+时间:<code>$&#123;today?datetime&#125;</code> </p>
<p>自定义格式化: <code>$&#123;today?string(&quot;yyyy年MM月&quot;)&#125;</code></p>
<p><strong>3、内建函数<code>c</code></strong></p>
<p>model.addAttribute(“point”, 102920122);</p>
<p>point是数字型使用${point}会显示这个数字的值,每三位使用逗号分隔。</p>
<p>如果不想显示为每三位分隔的数字可以使用c函数将数字型转成字符串输出</p>
<p><strong><code>$&#123;point?c&#125;</code></strong></p>
<p><strong>4、将json字符串转成对象</strong></p>
<p>一个例子:</p>
<p>其中用到了 assign标签assign的作用是定义一个变量。</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;#assign text=&quot;&#123;&#x27;bank&#x27;:&#x27;工商银行&#x27;,&#x27;account&#x27;:&#x27;10101920201920212&#x27;&#125;&quot; /&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;#assign data=text?eval /&gt;</span><br><span class="line">开户行:$&#123;data.bank&#125; 账号:$&#123;data.account&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>模板代码:</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>inner Function<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>获得集合大小<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 集合大小:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">hr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>获得日期<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 显示年月日: <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 显示时分秒:<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 显示日期+时间:<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 自定义格式化: <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">hr</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span>内建函数C<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">b</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"> 没有C函数显示的数值 <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">br</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 有C函数显示的数值</span><br><span clas
<p>内建函数模板页面:</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;html&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;head&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;meta charset=&quot;utf-8&quot;&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;title&gt;inner Function&lt;/title&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/head&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;body&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;b&gt;获得集合大小&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 集合大小:$&#123;stus?size&#125;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;hr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;b&gt;获得日期&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 显示年月日: $&#123;today?date&#125; &lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 显示时分秒:$&#123;today?time&#125;&lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 显示日期+时间:$&#123;today?datetime&#125;&lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 自定义格式化: $&#123;today?string(&quot;yyyy年MM月&quot;)&#125;&lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;hr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;b&gt;内建函数C&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> 没有C函数显示的数值$&#123;point&#125; &lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> 有C函数显示的数值$&#123;point?c&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;hr&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> &lt;b&gt;声明变量assign&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#assign text=&quot;&#123;&#x27;bank&#x27;:&#x27;工商银行&#x27;,&#x27;account&#x27;:&#x27;10101920201920212&#x27;&#125;&quot; /&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> &lt;#assign data=text?eval /&gt;</span><br><span class="line"> 开户行:$&#123;data.bank&#125; 账号:$&#123;data.account&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&lt;hr&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/body&gt;</span><br><span class="line">&lt;/html&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>内建函数Controller数据模型</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@GetMapping(&quot;innerFunc&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">testInnerFunc</span><span class="params">(Model model)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//1.1 小强对象模型数据</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Student</span> <span class="variable">stu1</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setName(<span class="string">&quot;小强&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setAge(<span class="number">18</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setMoney(<span class="number">1000.86f</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu1.setBirthday(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Date</span>());</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//1.2 小红对象模型数据</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Student</span> <span class="variable">stu2</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Student</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> stu2.setName(<span class="string">&quot;小红&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu2.setMoney(<span class="number">200.1f</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> stu2.setAge(<span class="number">19</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//1.3 将两个对象模型数据存放到List集合中</span></span><br><span class="line"> List&lt;Student&gt; stus = <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ArrayList</span>&lt;&gt;();</span><br><span class="line"> stus.add(stu1);</span><br><span class="line"> stus.add(stu2);</span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;stus&quot;</span>, stus);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 2.1 添加日期</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Date</span> <span class="variable">date</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">Date</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;today&quot;</span>, date);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// 3.1 添加数值</span></span><br><span class="line"> model.addAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;point&quot;</span>, <span class="number">102920122</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">&quot;04-innerFunc&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h1 id="四-静态化测试"><a href="#四-静态化测试" class="headerlink" title="四.静态化测试"></a>四.静态化测试</h1><h2 id="1-思路分析"><a href="#1-思路分析" class="headerlink" title="1.思路分析"></a>1.思路分析</h2><p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816172633599.png" alt="image-20230816172633599"></p>
<h2 id="2-实现步骤"><a href="#2-实现步骤" class="headerlink" title="2.实现步骤"></a>2.实现步骤</h2><p><strong>根据模板文件生成html文件</strong></p>
<p>修改application.yml文件添加以下模板存放位置的配置信息完整配置如下</p>
<figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">server:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">port:</span> <span class="number">8881</span> <span class="comment">#服务端口</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">spring:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">application:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">freemarker-demo</span> <span class="comment">#指定服务名</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">freemarker:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">cache:</span> <span class="literal">false</span> <span class="comment">#关闭模板缓存,方便测试</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">settings:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template_update_delay:</span> <span class="number">0</span> <span class="comment">#检查模板更新延迟时间设置为0表示立即检查如果时间大于0会有缓存不方便进行模板测试</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">suffix:</span> <span class="string">.ftl</span> <span class="comment">#指定Freemarker模板文件的后缀名</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">template-loader-path:</span> <span class="string">classpath:/templates</span> <span class="comment">#模板存放位置</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在test下创建测试类</p>
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<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> com.heima.freemarker.test;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.heima.freemarker.FreeMarkerDemoApplication;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.heima.freemarker.entity.Student;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> freemarker.template.Configuration;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> freemarker.template.Template;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> freemarker.template.TemplateException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Test;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.runner.RunWith;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.io.FileWriter;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.io.IOException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.HashMap;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.Map;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@author</span> Jason Gong</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@version</span> 1.0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@website</span> https://qingling.icu</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Date</span> 2023/8/16</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@Description</span></span
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<p> ③ :运行结果</p>
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230816174550953.png" alt="image-20230816174550953"></p>
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</article><div class="tag_share"><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/tags/FreeMarker/">FreeMarker</a></div><div class="post_share"><div class="social-share" data-image="/img/6.png" data-sites="wechat,weibo,qq"></div><link rel="stylesheet" href="/cdn/css/share.min.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"><script src="/cdn/js/social-share.min.js" defer></script></div></div><div class="post-reward"><div class="reward-button"><i class="fas fa-qrcode"></i> 打赏</div><div class="reward-main"><ul class="reward-all"><li class="reward-item"><a href="/img/wechat.jpg" target="_blank"><img class="post-qr-code-img" src="/img/wechat.jpg" alt="微信"/></a><div class="post-qr-code-desc">微信</div></li><li class="reward-item"><a href="/img/alipay.jpg" target="_blank"><img class="post-qr-code-img" src="/img/alipay.jpg" alt="支付宝"/></a><div class="post-qr-code-desc">支付宝</div></li></ul></div></div><br/><div id="post-comment"><div class="comment-head"><div class="comment-headline"><i class="far fa-comment-alt fa-fw"></i><span> 评论</span></div></div><div class="comment-wrap"><div><div id="gitalk-container"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="aside-content" id="aside-content"><div class="card-widget card-info"><div class="is-center"><div class="avatar-img"><img src="/img/avatar.jpg" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/loading.gif'" alt="avatar"/></div><div class="author-info__name">Jason</div><div class="author-info__description">Debug the World</div></div><div class="card-info-data site-data is-center"><a href="/archives/"><div class="headline">文章</div><div class="length-num">60</div></a><a href="/tags/"><div class="headline">标签</div><div class="length-num">39</div></a><a href="/categories/"><div class="headline">分类</div><div class="length-num">10</div></a></div><a id="card-info-btn"><i class="fab fa-microsoft"></i><span>Ctrl + D 收藏</span></a><div class="card-info-social-icons is-center"><a class="social-icon" href="https://github.com/JasonsGong" target="_blank" title="Github"><i class="fab fa-github"></i></a><a class="social-icon" href="tencent://AddContact/?fromId=45&amp;fromSubId=1&amp;subcmd=all&amp;uin=2602183349&amp;website=www.oicqzone.com" target="_blank" title="QQ"><i class="fab fa-qq"></i></a><a class="social-icon" href="mailto:2602183349@qq.com" target="_blank" title="Email"><i class="fas fa-envelope-open-text"></i></a><a class="social-icon" href="https://github.com/JasonsGong?tab=repositories" target="_blank" title="代码仓库"><i class="fas fa-database"></i></a></div></div><div class="card-widget card-announcement"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-bullhorn fa-shake"></i><span>公告</span></div><div class="announcement_content">本网站是静态网站,更新页面资源请使用Ctrl+F5;若网站内文章对你有帮助,请使用Ctrl+D收藏该网站</div></div><div class="sticky_layout"><div class="card-widget" id="card-toc"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-stream"></i><span>目录</span><span class="toc-percentage"></span></div><div class="toc-content is-expand"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%80-FreeMarker%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D"><span class="toc-text">一.FreeMarker介绍</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BA%8C-%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8"><span class="toc-text">二.快速入门</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA"><span class="toc-text">1.环境搭建</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-1-%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AAdemo%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B"><span class="toc-text">1.1 创建一个demo工程</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-2-%E5%BC%95%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%9D%E8%B5%96"><span class="toc-text">1.2 引入依赖</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-3-%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE">
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