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<meta property="og:description" content="一.压力测试性能指标 响应时间（Response Time: RT）响应时间指用户从客户端发起一个请求开始，到客户端接收到从服务器端返回的响应结束，整个过程所耗费的时间。 HPS（Hits Per Second） ：每秒点击次数，单位是次/秒。 TPS（Transaction per Second）：系统每秒处理交易数，单位是笔/秒。 QPS（Query per Sec">
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})(window)</script><script src="https://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src ="/js/welcome.js" ></script><script src="/js/sweetalert.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/sweetalert.css"><!-- hexo injector head_end start --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://npm.elemecdn.com/hexo-butterfly-swiper/lib/swiper.min.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://npm.elemecdn.com/hexo-butterfly-swiper/lib/swiperstyle.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"><!-- hexo injector head_end end --><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div id="sidebar"><div id="menu-mask"></div><div id="sidebar-menus"><div class="avatar-img is-center"><img src="/img/avatar.jpg" onerror="onerror=null;src='/img/loading.gif'" alt="avatar"/></div><div class="sidebar-site-data site-data is-center"><a href="/archives/"><div class="headline">文章</div><div class="length-num">60</div></a><a href="/tags/"><div class="headline">标签</div><div class="length-num">39</div></a><a href="/categories/"><div class="headline">分类</div><div class="length-num">10</div></a></div><br/><div class="menus_items"><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_java8_online.php"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-code"></i><span> 代码</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/notice/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-stream"></i><span> 公告</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/website/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-list"></i><span> 网址</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i><span> 主页</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="post" id="body-wrap"><header class="not-top-img" id="page-header"><nav id="nav"><span id="blog-info"><a href="/" title="The Blog"><img class="site-icon" src="/img/logo.png"/><span class="site-name">The Blog</span></a></span><div id="menus"><div id="search-button"><a class="site-page social-icon search" href="javascript:void(0);"><i class="fas fa-search fa-fw"></i><span> 搜索</span></a></div><div class="menus_items"><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_java8_online.php"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-code"></i><span> 代码</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/notice/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-stream"></i><span> 公告</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/website/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-list"></i><span> 网址</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i><span> 主页</span></a></div></div><div id="toggle-menu"><a class="site-page" href="javascript:void(0);"><i class="fas fa-bars fa-fw"></i></a></div></div></nav></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><div id="post-info"><h1 class="post-title">压力测试与性能监控</h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><span class="post-meta-date"><i class="far fa-calendar-alt fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">发表于</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2023-07-09T08:00:10.000Z" title="发表于 2023-07-09 16:00:10">2023-07-09</time><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2024-01-05T13:51:58.807Z" title="更新于 2024-01-05 21:51:58">2024-01-05</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/categories/%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95/">测试</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">字数总计:</span><span class="word-count">1.3k</span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="far fa-clock fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读时长:</span><span>4分钟</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="压力测试与性能监控"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></span></div></div></div><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h2 id="一-压力测试"><a href="#一-压力测试" class="headerlink" title="一.压力测试"></a>一.压力测试</h2><p><strong>性能指标</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>响应时间（Response Time: RT）响应时间指用户从客户端发起一个请求开始，到客户端接收到从服务器端返回的响应结束，整个过程所耗费的时间。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>HPS（Hits Per Second） ：每秒点击次数，单位是次/秒。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>TPS（Transaction per Second）：系统每秒处理交易数，单位是笔/秒。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>QPS（Query per Second）：系统每秒处理查询次数，单位是次/秒。对于互联网业务中，如果某些业务有且仅有一个请求连接，那么 TPS=QPS=HPS，一般情况下用 TPS 来衡量整个业务流程，用 QPS 来衡量接口查询次数，用 HPS 来表示对服务器单击请求。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>无论 TPS、QPS、HPS,此指标是衡量系统处理能力非常重要的指标，越大越好，根据经验，一般情况下：</p>
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<p>金融行业：1000TPS~50000TPS，不包括互联网化的活动</p>
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<p>保险行业：100TPS~100000TPS，不包括互联网化的活动</p>
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<p>制造行业：10TPS~5000TPS</p>
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<p>互联网电子商务：10000TPS~1000000TPS</p>
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<p>互联网中型网站：1000TPS~50000TPS</p>
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<p>互联网小型网站：500TPS~10000TPS</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>最大响应时间（Max Response Time） 指用户发出请求或者指令到系统做出反应（响应）的最大时间。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>最少响应时间（Mininum ResponseTime） 指用户发出请求或者指令到系统做出反应（响应）的最少时间。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>90%响应时间（90% Response Time） 是指所有用户的响应时间进行排序，第 90%的响应时间。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>从外部看，性能测试主要关注如下三个指标</p>
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<p>吞吐量：每秒钟系统能够处理的请求数、任务数。</p>
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<p>响应时间：服务处理一个请求或一个任务的耗时。</p>
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<p>错误率：一批请求中结果出错的请求所占比例。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3 id="1-JMeter的使用"><a href="#1-JMeter的使用" class="headerlink" title="1.JMeter的使用"></a>1.JMeter的使用</h3><h4 id="1-1-安装"><a href="#1-1-安装" class="headerlink" title="1.1 安装"></a>1.1 安装</h4><p><strong>1.下载安装包</strong></p>
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<p>安装网址: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi">https://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi</a></p>
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<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709161151542.png" alt="image-20230709161151542"></p>
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<p><strong>2.解压并双击运行</strong></p>
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<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709161346717.png" alt="image-20230709161346717"></p>
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<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709161600398.png" alt="image-20230709161600398"></p>
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<h4 id="1-2-设置"><a href="#1-2-设置" class="headerlink" title="1.2 设置"></a>1.2 设置</h4><p>设置为中文页面</p>
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<p>点击Options->Language->选择简体中文</p>
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<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709161752103.png" alt="image-20230709161752103"></p>
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<p>永久设置成中文->在<code>bin\jmeter.properties</code>配置文件中添加如下配置</p>
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<p><img src="/pictures/image-20240105214825445.png" alt="image-20240105214825445"></p>
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<p>jmeter发送请求响应的数据乱码的问题->在<code>bin\jmeter.properties</code>配置文件中添加如下配置</p>
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<p><img src="/pictures/image-20240105215115275.png" alt="image-20240105215115275"></p>
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<h4 id="1-3-压测示例"><a href="#1-3-压测示例" class="headerlink" title="1.3 压测示例"></a>1.3 压测示例</h4><p><strong>1.新建线程组</strong></p>
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<p>右键点击测试计划->添加->线程->线程组</p>
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<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709162502383.png" alt="image-20230709162502383"></p>
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<p>线程组参数详解：</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>线程数：虚拟用户数。一个虚拟用户占用一个进程或线程。设置多少虚拟用户数在这里也就是设置多少个线程数。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>线程数：虚拟用户数。一个虚拟用户占用一个进程或线程。设置多少虚拟用户数在这里也就是设置多少个线程数。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>Ramp-Up Period(in seconds)准备时长：设置的虚拟用户数需要多长时间全部启动。如果线程数为 10，准备时长为 2，那么需要 2 秒钟启动10个线程，也就是每秒钟启动 5 个线程。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>循环次数：每个线程发送请求的次数。如果线程数为 10，循环次数为 100，那么每个线程发送 100 次请求。总请求数为 10*100=1000 。如勾选了“永远”，那么所有线程会一直发送请求，一到选择停止运行脚本。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>Delay Thread creation until needed：直到需要时延迟线程的创建。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p>调度器：设置线程组启动的开始时间和结束时间(配置调度器时，需要勾选循环次数为永远)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>持续时间（秒）：测试持续时间，会覆盖结束时间</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>启动延迟（秒）：测试延迟启动时间，会覆盖启动时间</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>启动时间：测试启动时间，启动延迟会覆盖它。当启动时间已过，手动只需测试时当前时间也会覆盖它。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>结束时间：测试结束时间，持续时间会覆盖它。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>2.添加HTTP请求</strong></p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709163303477.png" alt="image-20230709163303477"></p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709163457833.png" alt="image-20230709163457833"></p>
|
||
<p><strong>3.添加监听器</strong></p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709163639856.png" alt="image-20230709163639856"></p>
|
||
<p><strong>4.启动压测和查看分析结果</strong></p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709164012746.png" alt="image-20230709164012746"></p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709164208747.png" alt="image-20230709164208747"></p>
|
||
<h4 id="1-4-JMeter-Address-Already-in-use-错误解决"><a href="#1-4-JMeter-Address-Already-in-use-错误解决" class="headerlink" title="1.4 JMeter Address Already in use 错误解决"></a>1.4 JMeter Address Already in use 错误解决</h4><p>windows 本身提供的端口访问机制的问题。<br>Windows 提供给 TCP/IP 链接的端口为 1024-5000，并且要四分钟来循环回收他们。就导致<br>我们在短时间内跑大量的请求时将端口占满了。<br>1.cmd 中，用 regedit 命令打开注册表</p>
|
||
<p>2.在 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters 下，<br>右击 parameters，添加一个新的 DWORD，名字为 MaxUserPort，然后双击 MaxUserPort，输入数值数据为 65534，基数选择十进制（如果是分布式运行的话，控制机器和负载机器都需要这样操作）</p>
|
||
<p>3.修改配置完毕之后记得重启机器才会生效<br>官网解释:<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/196271/when-you-try-to-connect-from-tcp-ports-greater-than-5000-you-receive-t">https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/196271/when-you-try-to-connect-from-tcp-ports-greater-than-5000-you-receive-t</a><br>TCPTimedWaitDelay：30</p>
|
||
<h2 id="二-性能监控"><a href="#二-性能监控" class="headerlink" title="二.性能监控"></a>二.性能监控</h2><p>Jdk 的两个小工具 jconsole、jvisualvm（升级版的 jconsole）;通过命令行启动，可监控本地和远程应用。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="1-jconsole"><a href="#1-jconsole" class="headerlink" title="1.jconsole"></a>1.jconsole</h3><p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709160343565.png" alt="image-20230709160343565"></p>
|
||
<h3 id="2-jvisualvm"><a href="#2-jvisualvm" class="headerlink" title="2.jvisualvm"></a><strong>2.jvisualvm</strong></h3><p><strong>jvisualvm相比jconsole功能更全，一般使用jvisualvm</strong></p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709160552461.png" alt="image-20230709160552461"></p>
|
||
<p><strong>Visual GC插件的安装</strong></p>
|
||
<p>点击工具->插件->在可用插件中选择Visual GC安装</p>
|
||
<p>安装成功之后显示如下</p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709160932416.png" alt="image-20230709160932416"></p>
|
||
<p><img src="/pictures/image-20230709170626946.png" alt="image-20230709170626946"></p>
|
||
</article><div class="tag_share"><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/tags/%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95/">测试</a></div><div class="post_share"><div class="social-share" data-image="/img/7.png" data-sites="wechat,weibo,qq"></div><link rel="stylesheet" href="/cdn/css/share.min.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"><script src="/cdn/js/social-share.min.js" defer></script></div></div><div class="post-reward"><div class="reward-button"><i class="fas fa-qrcode"></i> 打赏</div><div class="reward-main"><ul class="reward-all"><li class="reward-item"><a href="/img/wechat.jpg" target="_blank"><img class="post-qr-code-img" src="/img/wechat.jpg" alt="微信"/></a><div class="post-qr-code-desc">微信</div></li><li class="reward-item"><a href="/img/alipay.jpg" target="_blank"><img class="post-qr-code-img" src="/img/alipay.jpg" alt="支付宝"/></a><div class="post-qr-code-desc">支付宝</div></li></ul></div></div><br/><div id="post-comment"><div class="comment-head"><div 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is-expand"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%B8%80-%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95"><span class="toc-text">一.压力测试</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-JMeter%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-text">1.JMeter的使用</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-1-%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85"><span class="toc-text">1.1 安装</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-2-%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-text">1.2 设置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-3-%E5%8E%8B%E6%B5%8B%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-text">1.3 压测示例</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-4-JMeter-Address-Already-in-use-%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%B3"><span class="toc-text">1.4 JMeter Address Already in use 错误解决</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BA%8C-%E6%80%A7%E8%83%BD%E7%9B%91%E6%8E%A7"><span class="toc-text">二.性能监控</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1-jconsole"><span class="toc-text">1.jconsole</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#2-jvisualvm"><span class="toc-text">2.jvisualvm</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最近更新</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/posts/8957.html" title="Linux从入门到进阶"><img src="/img/8.png" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="Linux从入门到进阶"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" href="/posts/8957.html" title="Linux从入门到进阶">Linux从入门到进阶</a><time datetime="2024-05-10T05:31:11.691Z" title="更新于 2024-05-10 13:31:11">2024-05-10</time></div></div><div 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